getContext

Retrieve the context of the current session.

This method enhances the default Appium context/WebdriverIO getContext command by providing an option to return detailed context information, making it easier to work with hybrid apps that use webviews.

How Contexts Work

Refer to Hybrid Apps documentation for more information. Below is an explanation of the challenges associated with the getContext command:

For Android:

• Webviews can contain multiple pages (like browser tabs), and identifying the correct page requires additional metadata such as title or url.
• The default Appium methods only provide basic context names (e.g., WEBVIEW_{packageName}) without detailed information about the pages inside the webview.

For iOS:

• Each webview is identified by a generic WEBVIEW_{id} string, which doesn’t indicate its contents or the app screen it belongs to.

Why Use This Method?

• Default Behavior:
  • Returns the current context as a string (e.g., NATIVE_APP or WEBVIEW_{id}).
• Detailed Context:
  • When returnDetailedContext is enabled, retrieves metadata such as:
    • Android: packageName, title, url, and webviewPageId.
    • iOS: bundleId, title, and url.
• Android-Specific Options:
  • Retry intervals and timeouts can be customized to handle delays in webview initialization.

Notes and Limitations

• If returnDetailedContext is not enabled, the method behaves like the default Appium getContext method.
• If you want to use the "default" Appium context method, you can use the driver.getAppiumContext() method, see also the Appium Contexts command.
• Android: Android-specific options (androidWebviewConnectionRetryTime and androidWebviewConnectTimeout) have no effect on iOS.
• Logs warnings if multiple or no detailed contexts are found:
  • We found more than 1 detailed context for the current context '{context}'. We will return the first context.
  • We did not get back any detailed context for the current context '{context}'. We will return the current context as a string.

Parameters

Name	Type	Details
options optional	GetContextsOptions	The getContext options (optional)
options.returnDetailedContext optional	boolean	By default, we only return the context name based on the default Appium context API, which is only a string. If you want to get back detailed context information, set this to true. Default is false (optional).
options.androidWebviewConnectionRetryTime optional	number	The time in milliseconds to wait between each retry to connect to the webview. Default is 500 ms (optional). ANDROID-ONLY
options.androidWebviewConnectTimeout optional	number	The maximum amount of time in milliseconds to wait for a web view page to be detected. Default is 5000 ms (optional). ANDROID-ONLY

Examples

default.test.js

it('should return the current context with the default Appium `context` method', async () => {
    // For Android
    await driver.getContext()
    // Returns 'WEBVIEW_com.wdiodemoapp' or 'NATIVE_APP'
    //
    // For iOS, the context will be 'WEBVIEW_{number}'
    await driver.getContext()
    // Returns 'WEBVIEW_94703.19' or 'NATIVE_APP'
})

detailed.test.js

it('should return the context of the current session with more detailed information', async () => {
    // For Android
    await driver.getContext({ returnDetailedContext: true})
    // Returns or `NATIVE_APP`, or
    // {
    //   id: 'WEBVIEW_com.wdiodemoapp',
    //   title: 'WebdriverIO · Next-gen browser and mobile automation test framework for Node.js | WebdriverIO',
    //   url: 'https://webdriver.io/',
    //   packageName: 'com.wdiodemoapp',
    //   webviewPageId: '5C0425CF67E9B169245F48FF21172912'
    // }
    //
    // For iOS, the context will be 'WEBVIEW_{number}'
    await driver.getContext({ returnDetailedContext: true})
    // Returns or `NATIVE_APP`, or
    // {
    //   id: 'WEBVIEW_64981.1',
    //   title: 'WebdriverIO · Next-gen browser and mobile automation test framework for Node.js | WebdriverIO',
    //   url: 'https://webdriver.io/',
    //   bundleId: 'org.reactjs.native.example.wdiodemoapp'
    // }
})

customize.retry.test.js

it('should be able to cusomize the retry intervals and timeouts to handle delayed webview initialization', async () => {
    // For Android
    await driver.getContext({
        returnDetailedContext: true,
        // NOTE: The following options are Android-specific
        // For Android we might need to wait a bit longer to connect to the webview, so we can provide some additional options
        androidWebviewConnectionRetryTime: 1*1000,  // Retry every 1 second
        androidWebviewConnectTimeout: 10*1000,      // Timeout after 10 seconds
    })
})